Recombinant Human S100A12, N-His

Description of Recombinant Human S100A12, N-His

Introduction to Recombinant Human S100A12

Recombinant Human S100A12 is a protein that belongs to the S100 family of calcium-binding proteins. It is also known as Calgranulin C, EN-RAGE, and Calcium-binding protein in amniotic fluid 1 (CABP1). This protein is encoded by the S100A12 gene and is expressed in various tissues, including the immune system, skin, and gastrointestinal tract. Recombinant Human S100A12 is a highly conserved protein and has been found to play a crucial role in various physiological and pathological processes.

Structure of Recombinant Human S100A12

Recombinant Human S100A12 is a small protein with a molecular weight of approximately 10 kDa. It is composed of 92 amino acids and has a globular structure with two calcium-binding EF-hand motifs. These motifs are responsible for the calcium-dependent conformational changes of the protein, which are essential for its biological activity. The protein also contains a C-terminal extension that is involved in its interaction with other proteins.

Activity of Recombinant Human S100A12

Recombinant Human S100A12 has been found to have diverse activities in different biological processes. It is primarily known for its role in the regulation of inflammation and immune response. The protein acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule and activates the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) on immune cells, leading to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. This activity of Recombinant Human S100A12 has been implicated in various inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and atherosclerosis.

Apart from its role in inflammation, Recombinant Human S100A12 has also been found to have antimicrobial activity. It can inhibit the growth of various bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, by disrupting their cell membranes. This antimicrobial activity of the protein is attributed to its ability to bind to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) present on the surface of bacterial cells.

Furthermore, Recombinant Human S100A12 has been shown to have a role in wound healing. It promotes the migration of keratinocytes and fibroblasts, which are essential for the repair of damaged tissues. The protein also stimulates the production of extracellular matrix proteins, such as collagen and fibronectin, which are crucial for tissue regeneration.

Application of Recombinant Human S100A12

Due to its diverse activities, Recombinant Human S100A12 has been studied for its potential therapeutic applications. One of the major applications of this protein is in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Several studies have shown that blocking the interaction of Recombinant Human S100A12 with RAGE can reduce inflammation and improve disease outcomes in animal models of inflammatory diseases. This has led to the development of RAGE inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents for these conditions.

Recombinant Human S100A12 has also been investigated for its potential as an antimicrobial agent. Its ability to inhibit the growth of bacteria makes it a promising candidate for the development of new antibiotics. Additionally, the protein has been shown to have a role in the formation of biofilms, which are involved in chronic infections. Therefore, targeting Recombinant Human S100A12 may provide a novel approach for the treatment of biofilm-associated infections.

Moreover, Recombinant Human S100A12 has been studied for its potential as a biomarker for various diseases. Elevated levels of the protein have been found in the blood and tissues of patients with inflammatory diseases, making it a potential diagnostic marker for these conditions. It has also been proposed as a prognostic marker for certain types of cancer, such as breast and colorectal cancer.

Conclusion

In summary, Recombinant Human S100A12 is a small calcium-binding protein with diverse activities in inflammation, wound healing, and antimicrobial